Compare Antigua and Barbuda (2004) - Christmas Island (2008)

Compare Antigua and Barbuda (2004) z Christmas Island (2008)

	Antigua and Barbuda (2004)	Christmas Island (2008)

Administrative divisions	6 parishes and 2 dependencies; Barbuda, Redonda, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Mary, Saint Paul, Saint Peter, Saint Philip*	none (territory of Australia)
Age structure	0-14 years: 28.1% (male 9,761; female 9,429) 15-64 years: 67.6% (male 23,179; female 23,023) 65 years and over: 4.3% (male 1,151; female 1,777) (2004 est.)	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA
Agriculture - products	cotton, fruits, vegetables, bananas, coconuts, cucumbers, mangoes, sugarcane; livestock	NA
Airports	3 (2003 est.)	1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)	-
Area	total: 443 sq km (Antigua 280 sq km; Barbuda 161 sq km) land: 443 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Redonda, 1.6 sq km	total: 135 sq km land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC	about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC
Background	The Siboney were the first to inhabit the islands of Antigua and Barbuda in 2400 B.C., but Arawak and Carib Indians populated the islands when Columbus landed on his second voyage in 1493. Early settlements by the Spanish and French were succeeded by the English who formed a colony in 1667. Slavery, established to run the sugar plantations on Antigua, was abolished in 1834. The islands became an independent state within the British Commonwealth of Nations in 1981.	Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement began by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park.
Birth rate	17.7 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	NA
Budget	revenues: $123.7 million expenditures: $145.9 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2000 est.)	revenues: $NA expenditures: $NA
Capital	Saint John's (Antigua)	name: The Settlement geographic coordinates: 10 25 S, 105 43 E time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	tropical; little seasonal temperature variation	tropical with a wet season (December to April) and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds
Coastline	153 km	138.9 km
Constitution	1 November 1981	Christmas Island Act of 1958-59 (1 October 1958) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Antigua and Barbuda	conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island conventional short form: Christmas Island
Currency	East Caribbean dollar (XCD)	-
Death rate	5.55 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	NA
Debt - external	$231 million (1999)	-
Dependency status	-	non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Attorney-General's Department
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Antigua and Barbuda (embassy closed 30 June 1994); the US Ambassador to Barbados, Ambassador Mary E. KRAMER, is accredited to Antigua and Barbuda	none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Lionel A. HURST chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016 telephone: [1] (202) 362-5122 FAX: [1] (202) 362-5225 consulate(s) general: Miami	none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$2.3 million (1995)	$NA
Economy - overview	Tourism continues to dominate the economy, accounting for more than half of GDP. Weak tourist arrival numbers since early 2000 have slowed the economy, however, and pressed the government into a tight fiscal corner. The dual-island nation's agricultural production is focused on the domestic market and constrained by a limited water supply and a labor shortage stemming from the lure of higher wages in tourism and construction. Manufacturing comprises enclave-type assembly for export with major products being bedding, handicrafts, and electronic components. Prospects for economic growth in the medium term will continue to depend on income growth in the industrialized world, especially in the US, which accounts for slightly more than one-third of tourist arrivals.	Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993, but closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, expected to begin operations in the near future.
Electricity - consumption	97.89 million kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - production	105.3 million kWh (2001)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Boggy Peak 402 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Murray Hill 361 m
Environment - current issues	water management - a major concern because of limited natural fresh water resources - is further hampered by the clearing of trees to increase crop production, causing rainfall to run off quickly	loss of rainforest; impact of phosphate mining
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	black, British, Portuguese, Lebanese, Syrian	Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10% note: no indigenous population (2001)
Exchange rates	East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2003), 2.7 (2002), 2.7 (2001), 2.7 (2000), 2.7 (1999), 2.7 (1998) (fixed rate since 1976)	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.2137 (2007), 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General James B. CARLISLE (since 10 June 1993) head of government: Prime Minister Baldwin SPENCER (since 24 March 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general chosen by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general head of government: Administrator Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
Exports	NA (2001)	$NA
Exports - commodities	petroleum products 48%, manufactures 23%, machinery and transport equipment 17%, food and live animals 4%, other 8%	phosphate
Exports - partners	Germany 84.9%, UK 3.8%, US 3.3% (2003)	Australia, NZ (2006)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	1 July - 30 June
Flag description	red, with an inverted isosceles triangle based on the top edge of the flag; the triangle contains three horizontal bands of black (top), light blue, and white, with a yellow rising sun in the black band	territorial flag; divided diagonally from upper hoist to lower fly; the upper triangle is green with a yellow image of the Golden Bosun Bird superimposed, while the lower triangle is blue with the Southern Cross constellation, representing Australia, superimposed; a centered yellow disk displays a green map of the island note: the flag of Australia is used for official purposes
GDP	purchasing power parity - $750 million (2002 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 3.9% industry: 19.2% services: 76.8% (2002)	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $11,000 (2002 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	3% (2002 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	17 03 N, 61 48 W	10 30 S, 105 40 E
Geography - note	Antigua has a deeply indented shoreline with many natural harbors and beaches; Barbuda has a very large western harbor	located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean
Highways	total: 250 km (1999 est.)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	-
Illicit drugs	considered a minor transshipment point for narcotics bound for the US and Europe; more significant as an offshore financial center	-
Imports	NA (2001)	$NA
Imports - commodities	food and live animals, machinery and transport equipment, manufactures, chemicals, oil	consumer goods
Imports - partners	US 26.5%, Singapore 10%, Poland 7%, Germany 6.1%, UK 6.1%, Trinidad and Tobago 4.4% (2003)	principally Australia (2006)
Independence	1 November 1981 (from UK)	none (territory of Australia)
Industrial production growth rate	6% (1997 est.)	-
Industries	tourism, construction, light manufacturing (clothing, alcohol, household appliances)	tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion)
Infant mortality rate	total: 20.18 deaths/1,000 live births male: 24.29 deaths/1,000 live births female: 15.87 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	0.4% (2000 est.)	-
International organization participation	ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO	none
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA
Judicial branch	Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the Court of Summary Jurisdiction)	Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court
Labor force	30,000	NA
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 7%, industry 11%, services 82% (1983)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 18.18% permanent crops: 4.55% other: 77.27% (2001)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park) (2005)
Languages	English (official), local dialects	English (official), Chinese, Malay
Legal system	based on English common law	under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law
Legislative branch	bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (17-member body appointed by the governor general) and the House of Representatives (17 seats; members are elected by proportional representation to serve five-year terms) elections: House of Representatives - last held 23 March 2004 (next to be held NA 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ALP 4, UPP 12, contested 1; note - new election will decide the contested seat	unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held 20 October 2007 (next to be held in 2009) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 71.6 years male: 69.26 years female: 74.07 years (2004 est.)	total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over has completed five or more years of schooling total population: 89% male: 90% female: 88% (1960 est.)	NA
Location	Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east-southeast of Puerto Rico	Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Southeast Asia
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 867 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 5,873,626 GRT/7,683,143 DWT by type: bulk 25, cargo 477, chemical tanker 13, container 284, liquefied gas 10, multi-functional large load carrier 15, refrigerated cargo 10, roll on/roll off 32, vehicle carrier 1 foreign-owned: Australia 1, Bahamas 1, Bangladesh 2, Belgium 3, Colombia 1, Cuba 1, Cyprus 1, Estonia 3, France 1, Germany 818, Greece 2, Iceland 5, Latvia 1, Lebanon 1, Lithuania 2, Malaysia 1, Netherlands 19, New Zealand 1, Norway 2, Portugal 1, Slovenia 5, Sweden 2, Switzerland 5, Turkey 3, United States 10 registered in other countries: 2 (2004 est.)	-
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of Australia
Military branches	Royal Antigua and Barbuda Defense Force (including Coast Guard)	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	-
National holiday	Independence Day (National Day), 1 November (1981)	Australia Day, 26 January (1788)
Nationality	noun: Antiguan(s), Barbudan(s) adjective: Antiguan, Barbudan	noun: Christmas Islander(s) adjective: Christmas Island
Natural hazards	hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October); periodic droughts	the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources	NEGL; pleasant climate fosters tourism	phosphate, beaches
Net migration rate	-6.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	NA
Political parties and leaders	Antigua Labor Party or ALP [Lester Bryant BIRD]; Barbuda People's Movement or BPM [Thomas H. FRANK]; United Progressive Party or UPP [Baldwin SPENCER] (a coalition of three opposition parties - United National Democratic Party or UNDP, Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement or ACLM, and Progressive Labor Movement or PLM)	none
Political pressure groups and leaders	Antigua Trades and Labor Union or ATLU [William ROBINSON]; People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Hugh MARSHALL]	none
Population	68,320 (July 2004 est.)	1,402 (July 2006 est.) (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA	-
Population growth rate	0.6% (2004 est.)	0% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors	Saint John's	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 4, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2006)
Religions	Christian, (predominantly Anglican with other Protestant, and some Roman Catholic)	Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.65 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	NA
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: good automatic telephone system international: country code - 1-268; 1 coaxial submarine cable; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Saba (Netherlands Antilles) and Guadeloupe	general assessment: service provided by the Australian network domestic: GSM mobile telephone service replaced older analog system in February 2005 international: country code - 61-8; satellite earth stations - 1 INTELSAT earth station provides telephone and telex service (2005)
Telephones - main lines in use	38,000 (2002)	NA
Telephones - mobile cellular	38,200 (2002)	-
Television broadcast stations	2 (1997)	0 (TV broadcasts received via satellite from mainland Australia) (2006)
Terrain	mostly low-lying limestone and coral islands, with some higher volcanic areas	steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau
Total fertility rate	2.27 children born/woman (2004 est.)	NA
Unemployment rate	11% (2001 est.)	-

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